At the 9th extraordinary session, the National Assembly (NA) passed Resolution No.193/2025/QH15 (Resolution No.193) on piloting special mechanisms and policies to create breakthroughs in national science, technology, innovation, and digital transformation.

This resolution was adopted at a crucial time, laying a solid foundation for the country to resolutely implement Resolution No.57-NQ/TW (issued by the Politburo on December 22, 2024), which focuses on breakthrough development in science, technology, innovation, and national digital transformation.

Resolution No.57 contains many key points, emphasising three main issues: urgently and decisively improving the institutional framework; eliminating all mindsets, perceptions, and barriers hindering development; and turning institutions into competitive advantages in the development of science, technology, innovation, and national digital transformation. Resolution No.57 is currently a pressing topic in the political and social landscape of Vietnam.

However, Party General Secretary To Lam acknowledged that the implementation of Resolution No.57 in practice will face many challenges.

Many NA deputies have pointed out that one of the most urgent tasks for timely implementation of Resolution No.57 is to amend and supplement relevant laws. However, legal amendments take time, and as if waiting, the entire year 2025 could pass without implementing this critical resolution. In response, the NA promptly issued Resolution No.193, which focuses on piloting special mechanisms and policies to create breakthroughs in science, technology, innovation, and digital transformation. This resolution aims to address difficulties and accelerate the implementation of Resolution No.57.

With these two crucial resolutions from the Politburo and the NA, Vietnam has a significant opportunity to turn institutional frameworks into a competitive advantage in making breakthroughs in science, technology, innovation, and national digital transformation — provided that synchronised and highly effective solutions are implemented. The immediate priority is to develop a flexible and favourable legal framework, focusing on reviewing, updating, and harmonising the legal system to simplify and eliminate overlaps and contradictions. Ministries, sectors, and local authorities must urgently prioritise policies that facilitate the swift and effective implementation of Resolution No.57.

Vietnam is a country rich in potential, and its people possess valuable qualities that can drive strong progress. However, this potential remains untapped and underutilised unless institutional and policy bottlenecks are resolved, along with fostering motivation and an unyielding determination to advance without hesitation.

For the aforementioned resolutions to begin delivering real value, the Government, central and local agencies, ministries, and sectors must uphold a strong sense of responsibility in overseeing, directing, implementing, inspecting, and monitoring compliance with these resolutions, particularly among key leaders. Transparency, effectiveness, feasibility, and the prevention of policy exploitation, losses, and waste must be ensured.

Clear objectives, specific targets, well-defined responsibilities, and strict implementation timelines must be clarified. Execution should be carried out with urgency and the highest level of determination. The accountability of leaders, officials, public servants, and employees must be clearly defined, alongside thorough assessments of digital transformation effectiveness and the application of scientific and technological advancements in fulfilling duties.